NI Refund - How to tell if due one

For the last tax year I believe I am due a refund of National Insurance from the class 1 contribution I have made. I've read the process you go about it with your employer or HRMC. Before I do I want to check if I need to use the total amount over the year as the basis for having overpaid or do I need to check each individual payment for overpayment?

Universal credit - 648.10, no NI taken off which I believe is because you don't have it deducted from UC

Comments

National Insurance works per pay period, unlike tax which works on an annual figure
https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance/how-much-you-pay
why do you believe you have overpaid?

• if you have paid National Insurance after reaching the state pension age,
• if you are highly paid and have more than one employment or are employed and self-employed on high earnings and didn’t apply for deferment.

Information I post is for England unless otherwise stated. Some rules may be different in other parts of UK.

National Insurance works per pay period, unlike tax which works on an annual figure
why do you believe you have overpaid?

Oh just from running one of those online calculators to work out how much tax I should have paid. They always work out NI contributions so I thought I'd overpayed, but the information I found online made it seem like getting a refund was easy. I was pretty sure it was useless, but must have missed the bit where they point out its not on annnual totals.

National Insurance works per pay period, unlike tax which works on an annual figure
why do you believe you have overpaid?

Oh just from running one of those online calculators to work out how much tax I should have paid. They always work out NI contributions so I thought I'd overpayed, but the information I found online made it seem like getting a refund was easy. I was pretty sure it was useless, but must have missed the bit where they point out its not on annnual totals.

The calculators probably work on the assumption that whatever figure you put in as your total income has been earned evenly throughout the year.

Information I post is for England unless otherwise stated. Some rules may be different in other parts of UK.